Navigating the legal framework surrounding cannabis can be complex and ever-changing. While cannabis remains federally classified as a Schedule I substance in the United States, many states have legalized its use for medical, recreational, or both purposes. For cannabis consultants, understanding the nuances of these laws is essential to ensure compliance and to guide clients effectively. Below, we break down the current state-by-state cannabis laws, including medical and recreational statuses and home cultivation regulations, as of January 2025.Â
Alabama
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Illegal
Home Cultivation: Not permitted
Alaska
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Legal
Home Cultivation: Adults 21+ may grow up to six plants, with no more than three mature at a time.
Arizona
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Legal
Home Cultivation: Adults 21+ may grow up to six plants; households with two or more adults may grow up to 12 plants.
Arkansas
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Illegal
Home Cultivation: Not permitted
California
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Legal
Home Cultivation: Adults 21+ may grow up to six plants per residence.
Colorado
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Legal
Home Cultivation: Adults 21+ may grow up to six plants, with no more than three mature at a time; households may grow up to 12 plants.
Connecticut
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Legal
Home Cultivation: Adults 21+ may grow up to six plants (three mature and three immature), with a maximum of 12 plants per household.
Delaware
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Legal
Home Cultivation: Not permitted
Florida
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Illegal
Home Cultivation: Not permitted
Georgia
Medical Use: Limited (CBD oil with low THC)
Recreational Use: Illegal
Home Cultivation: Not permitted
Hawaii
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Illegal
Home Cultivation: Qualified patients may grow up to ten plants.
Idaho
Medical Use: Illegal
Recreational Use: Illegal
Home Cultivation: Not permitted
Illinois
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Legal
Home Cultivation: Medical patients may grow up to five plants; recreational cultivation is not permitted.
Indiana
Medical Use: Illegal
Recreational Use: Illegal
Home Cultivation: Not permitted
Iowa
Medical Use: Limited (CBD oil with low THC)
Recreational Use: Illegal
Home Cultivation: Not permitted
Kansas
Medical Use: Illegal
Recreational Use: Illegal
Home Cultivation: Not permitted
Kentucky
Medical Use: Limited (CBD oil with low THC)
Recreational Use: Illegal
Home Cultivation: Not permitted
Louisiana
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Illegal
Home Cultivation: Not permitted
Maine
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Legal
Home Cultivation: Adults 21+ may grow up to three mature plants, 12 immature plants, and unlimited seedlings.
Maryland
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Legal
Home Cultivation: Adults 21+ may grow up to two plants per household.
Massachusetts
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Legal
Home Cultivation: Adults 21+ may grow up to six plants; households may have a maximum of 12 plants.
Michigan
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Legal
Home Cultivation: Adults 21+ may grow up to 12 plants per household.
Minnesota
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Legal
Home Cultivation: Adults 21+ may grow up to eight plants, with no more than four mature.
Mississippi
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Illegal
Home Cultivation: Not permitted
Missouri
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Legal
Home Cultivation: Adults 21+ may grow up to six flowering plants, six immature plants, and six clones after registering with the state.
Montana
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Legal
Home Cultivation: Adults 21+ may grow up to two mature plants and two seedlings; households may grow up to four mature plants and four seedlings.
Nebraska
Medical Use: Illegal
Recreational Use: Illegal
Home Cultivation: Not permitted
Nevada
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Legal
Home Cultivation: Home cultivation is permitted only if the nearest dispensary is more than 25 miles away; adults may grow up to six plants, with a maximum of 12 plants per household.
New Hampshire
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Illegal
Home Cultivation: Not permitted
New Jersey
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Legal
Home Cultivation: Not permitted
New Mexico
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Legal
Home Cultivation: Adults 21+ may grow up to six mature plants, with a maximum of 12 plants per household.
New York
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Legal
Home Cultivation: Adults 21+ may grow up to six plants (three mature and three immature), with a maximum of 12 plants per household.
North Carolina
Medical Use: Illegal
Recreational Use: Illegal
Home Cultivation: Not permitted
North Dakota
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Illegal
Home Cultivation: Qualified patients may grow up to eight plants if they live more than 40 miles from the nearest dispensary.
Ohio
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Decriminalized
Home Cultivation: Not permitted
Oklahoma
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Illegal
Home Cultivation: Qualified patients may grow up to six mature plants and six seedlings.
Oregon
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Legal
Home Cultivation: Adults 21+ may grow up to four plants per household.
Pennsylvania
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Illegal
Home Cultivation: Not permitted
Rhode Island
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Legal
Home Cultivation: Adults 21+ may grow up to six plants (three mature and three immature).
South Carolina
Medical Use: Illegal
Recreational Use: Illegal
Home Cultivation: Not permitted
South Dakota
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Illegal
Home Cultivation: Qualified patients may grow up to three plants.
Tennessee
Medical Use: Illegal
Recreational Use: Illegal
Home Cultivation: Not permitted
Texas
Medical Use: Limited (CBD oil with low THC)
Recreational Use: Illegal
Home Cultivation: Not permitted
Utah
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Illegal
Home Cultivation: Not permitted
Vermont
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Legal
Home Cultivation: Adults 21+ may grow up to two mature plants and four immature plants per household.
Virginia
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Legal
Home Cultivation: Adults 21+ may grow up to four plants per household.
Washington
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Legal
Home Cultivation: Medical patients may grow up to six plants; recreational home cultivation is not permitted.
West Virginia
Medical Use: Legal
Recreational Use: Illegal
Home Cultivation: Not permitted
Wisconsin
Medical Use: Illegal
Recreational Use: Illegal
Home Cultivation: Not permitted
Wyoming
Medical Use: Illegal
Recreational Use: Illegal
Home Cultivation: Not permitted
At HomeGrown Guides, we are committed to providing accurate and reliable information regarding cannabis cultivation. However, cannabis laws vary widely between states, and regulations can change frequently. It is the responsibility of every grower and client to stay informed about the specific laws and guidelines in their jurisdiction.
The information provided on this website is intended for educational and informational purposes only. It does not constitute legal advice, and HomeGrown Guides does not guarantee compliance with any local, state, or federal regulations.